MESASRNGI (Root)
Mesasrngi consists of root of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. (Fam. Asclepiadacem), a large woody, climber, much branched, with pubescent young parts, found throughout India in dry forests upto 600 m.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Madhunasini, Ajasrngi
Assamese : —
Bengali : Medhasingi
English : Periploca of the woods
Gujrati : Kaavalee, Medhasinge
Hindi : Gudmaar, Medhaasingee
Kannada : Kadhasige
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Cakkarakkolli, Madhunaashini
Marathi : Kaavalee, Medhaashingi
Oriya : —
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Shakkaraikkolli, Shirukurumkaay
Telugu : Podapatro
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Tap root branched, rough, longitudinally fissured, corky, soft and nodulose pieces, 2 to 7 cm long and 0.2 to 1.0 cm in thickness; external surface dark brown and cut surface showing a core cream in colour; fracture, splintery; odour, unpleasant; taste, bitter and acrid.
b) Microscopic
Root – Shows 5 to 20 rows of tangentially elongated and radially arranged cork cells; secondary cortex a wide zone consisting of oval to polygonal cells somewhat irregular in shape and moderately thick walled, filled with rosette crystals of calcium oxalate and a few simple or compound starch grains; secondary phloem composed of sieve tubes, companion cells and phloem parenchyma, with mostly large and a few small rosette crystals and starch grains; medullary rays prominent, uni or multi seriate, generally tetra seriate, extending from primary xylem to secondary phloem; groups of oval to elongated, thick walled, lignified sclereids with clear striations and narrow lumen present in cortex and phloem region; secondary xylem consists of usual lignified elements; vessels simple pitted, single or 2 to 7 in radial groups and dispersed throughout the xylem region; fibres long with tapering ends and wide lumen; primary xylem present diarch.
Powder – Light yellow; shows thick walled cork cells; polygonal, thin walled parenchymatous cells, simple pitted fibres and vessels; groups of sclereids, large and a few small rosette crystals of calcium oxalate, simple and compound starch grains, measuring 5 to 11 n in dia.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 14 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica Gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene : Ethylacetate : Methanol (10:10:4) as mobile phase shows on spraying with Anisaldehyde-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 110oC for ten minutes eight spots at Rf. 0.17 (brown), 0.25 (violet), 0.48 (grey), 0.57 (pink), 0.68, 0.80, 0.87 (violet) and 0.95 (pink).
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Kaphahara, Mutrala, Vatahara, Sirovirecaka, Sramsana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Nyagrodhadi Curna, Maha Visagarbha Taila, Mrtasanjivanisura
THERAPEUTIC USES – Svasa, Daha, Hrdroga, Kasa, Krmiroga, Kustha, Mutrakrcchra, Prameha, Raktavikara, Vrana, Visavikara, Aksisula, Vidrdhi, Vatahara.
DOSE – 50 – 100 ml decoction.
1 – 2 g powder.
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